Centrifuge Tubes - Types, Operations, and Safety Guidelines for Laboratory Use

Centrifuge tubes have a cylindrical upper opening and a conical lower end. The circular opening at the top enhances mechanical strength, while the conical shape at the bottom reduces volume. After centrifugal sedimentation of minute suspensions, the sediment volume can be directly read, allowing convenient observation of color and crystal shape. Microcentrifuge tubes, also known as EP (Eppendorf) tubes, are small-sized tubes designed for use with microcentrifuges, facilitating the separation and centrifugation of minute reagents.

Operation of Centrifuge Tubes:

1. As graduated centrifuge tubes are volumetric, they must be cleaned and dried before use.
2. When reading, observe the meniscus accurately to avoid introducing errors.
3. The number of centrifuge tubes used should match the centrifuge's model. In cases of using a single tube in a dual-tube centrifuge, balance must be maintained by filling the other tube with an equal volume of liquid.
4. Centrifuge tubes must be compatible with the centrifuge. Choose tubes of appropriate length and thickness based on the centrifuge's configuration.
5. When inserting tubes into the centrifuge, ensure compatibility. After layer separation in the centrifuge, allow it to stop naturally after rotation, and avoid forceful stops.

Precautions for Centrifuge Tubes:

• Avoid using a single tube multiple times, considering sample volatility and potential leakage of radioactive or corrosive substances.
• Seal tubes properly during storage to prevent contamination.
• Prevent deformation of centrifuge tubes during use.

Types of Centrifuge Tubes:

1. Plastic Centrifuge Tubes:

• Advantages: Transparent or semi-transparent, suitable for piercing, and gradient extraction.
• Disadvantages: Prone to deformation, poor resistance to organic solvent corrosion, and short lifespan.
• Use with: Compatible with microcentrifuges.

2. Glass Centrifuge Tubes:

• Considerations: Avoid excessive centrifugal force, use rubber cushions to prevent breakage, and high-speed centrifuges are generally not recommended.
• Use with: Suitable for low-speed centrifuges.

3. Steel Centrifuge Tubes:

• Advantages: High strength, non-deformable, heat-resistant, freeze-resistant, chemically resistant.
• Considerations: Avoid contact with highly corrosive chemicals.
• Use with: Versatile, widely used.

Centrifuge tubes play a crucial role in laboratories, aiding in the concentration or separation of particles through centrifugation techniques. Choosing the right type depends on the application and compatibility with the equipment in use.